本節(jié)繼續(xù)給大家?guī)硎秋@示提示信息的第三個(gè)控件AlertDialog(對(duì)話框),同時(shí)它也是其他 Dialog的的父類!比如ProgressDialog,TimePickerDialog等,而AlertDialog的父類是:Dialog! 另外,不像前面學(xué)習(xí)的Toast和Notification,AlertDialog并不能直接new出來,如果你打開 AlertDialog的源碼,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)構(gòu)造方法是protected的,如果我們要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建AlertDialog的話,我們 需要使用到該類中的一個(gè)靜態(tài)內(nèi)部類:public static class Builder,然后來調(diào)用AlertDialog 里的相關(guān)方法,來對(duì)AlertDialog進(jìn)行定制,最后調(diào)用show()方法來顯示我們的AlertDialog對(duì)話框! 好的,下面我們就來學(xué)習(xí)AlertDialog的基本用法,以及定制我們的AlertDialog! 官方文檔:AlertDialog
- Step 1:創(chuàng)建AlertDialog.Builder對(duì)象;
- Step 2:調(diào)用setIcon()設(shè)置圖標(biāo),setTitle()或setCustomTitle()設(shè)置標(biāo)題;
- Step 3:設(shè)置對(duì)話框的內(nèi)容:setMessage()還有其他方法來指定顯示的內(nèi)容;
- Step 4:調(diào)用setPositive/Negative/NeutralButton()設(shè)置:確定,取消,中立按鈕;
- Step 5:調(diào)用create()方法創(chuàng)建這個(gè)對(duì)象,再調(diào)用show()方法將對(duì)話框顯示出來;
運(yùn)行效果圖:
核心代碼:
MainActivity.java:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private Button btn_dialog_one;
private Button btn_dialog_two;
private Button btn_dialog_three;
private Button btn_dialog_four;
private Context mContext;
private boolean[] checkItems;
private AlertDialog alert = null;
private AlertDialog.Builder builder = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mContext = MainActivity.this;
bindView();
}
private void bindView() {
btn_dialog_one = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_one);
btn_dialog_two = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_two);
btn_dialog_three = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_three);
btn_dialog_four = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_four);
btn_dialog_one.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_dialog_two.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_dialog_three.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_dialog_four.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
//普通對(duì)話框
case R.id.btn_dialog_one:
alert = null;
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish)
.setTitle("系統(tǒng)提示:")
.setMessage("這是一個(gè)最普通的AlertDialog,\n帶有三個(gè)按鈕,分別是取消,中立和確定")
.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(mContext, "你點(diǎn)擊了取消按鈕~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
})
.setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(mContext, "你點(diǎn)擊了確定按鈕~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
})
.setNeutralButton("中立", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(mContext, "你點(diǎn)擊了中立按鈕~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}).create(); //創(chuàng)建AlertDialog對(duì)象
alert.show(); //顯示對(duì)話框
break;
//普通列表對(duì)話框
case R.id.btn_dialog_two:
final String[] lesson = new String[]{"語(yǔ)文", "數(shù)學(xué)", "英語(yǔ)", "化學(xué)", "生物", "物理", "體育"};
alert = null;
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish)
.setTitle("選擇你喜歡的課程")
.setItems(lesson, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "你選擇了" + lesson[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}).create();
alert.show();
break;
//單選列表對(duì)話框
case R.id.btn_dialog_three:
final String[] fruits = new String[]{"蘋果", "雪梨", "香蕉", "葡萄", "西瓜"};
alert = null;
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish)
.setTitle("選擇你喜歡的水果,只能選一個(gè)哦~")
.setSingleChoiceItems(fruits, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "你選擇了" + fruits[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}).create();
alert.show();
break;
//多選列表對(duì)話框
case R.id.btn_dialog_four:
final String[] menu = new String[]{"水煮豆腐", "蘿卜牛腩", "醬油雞", "胡椒豬肚雞"};
//定義一個(gè)用來記錄個(gè)列表項(xiàng)狀態(tài)的boolean數(shù)組
checkItems = new boolean[]{false, false, false, false};
alert = null;
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish)
.setMultiChoiceItems(menu, checkItems, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
checkItems[which] = isChecked;
}
})
.setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
String result = "";
for (int i = 0; i < checkItems.length; i++) {
if (checkItems[i])
result += menu[i] + " ";
}
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "客官你點(diǎn)了:" + result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
})
.create();
alert.show();
break;
}
}
}
布局就是四個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的按鈕,這里就不貼出來了,用法非常簡(jiǎn)單~無非就是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Builder對(duì)象后, 進(jìn)行相關(guān)設(shè)置,然后create()生成一個(gè)AlertDialog對(duì)象,最后調(diào)用show()方法將AlertDialog 顯示出來而已!另外,細(xì)心的你可能發(fā)現(xiàn)我們點(diǎn)擊對(duì)話框的外部區(qū)域,對(duì)話框就會(huì)消失,我們 可以為builder設(shè)置setCancelable(false)即可解決這個(gè)問題!
我們可以自定義一個(gè)與系統(tǒng)對(duì)話框不同的布局,然后調(diào)用setView()將我們的布局加載到 AlertDialog上,上面我們來實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)效果:
運(yùn)行效果圖:
關(guān)鍵代碼:
首先是兩種不同按鈕的selctor的drawable文件:
btn_selctor_exit.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:state_pressed="true" android:drawable="@mipmap/iv_icon_exit_pressed"/>
<item android:drawable="@mipmap/iv_icon_exit_normal"/>
</selector>
btn_selctor_choose.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:state_pressed="true" android:drawable="@mipmap/bg_btn_pressed"/>
<item android:drawable="@mipmap/bg_btn_normal"/>
</selector>
接著是自定義的Dialog布局:view_dialog_custom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<RelativeLayout
android:id="@+id/titlelayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:background="#53CC66"
android:padding="5dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:text="提示信息"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_cancle"
android:layout_width="30dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor_exit" />
</RelativeLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/ly_detail"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_below="@+id/titlelayout"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:text="通過setView()方法定制AlertDialog"
android:textColor="#04AEDA"
android:textSize="18sp" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:text="作者:Coder-pig"
android:textColor="#04AEDA"
android:textSize="18sp" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@+id/ly_detail"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_blog"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor_choose"
android:text="訪問博客"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_close"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor_choose"
android:text="關(guān)閉"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="20sp" />
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
最后是MainActivity.java:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button btn_show;
private View view_custom;
private Context mContext;
private AlertDialog alert = null;
private AlertDialog.Builder builder = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mContext = MainActivity.this;
btn_show = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_show);
//初始化Builder
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
//加載自定義的那個(gè)View,同時(shí)設(shè)置下
final LayoutInflater inflater = MainActivity.this.getLayoutInflater();
view_custom = inflater.inflate(R.layout.view_dialog_custom, null,false);
builder.setView(view_custom);
builder.setCancelable(false);
alert = builder.create();
view_custom.findViewById(R.id.btn_cancle).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
alert.dismiss();
}
});
view_custom.findViewById(R.id.btn_blog).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "訪問博客", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(intent);
alert.dismiss();
}
});
view_custom.findViewById(R.id.btn_close).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "對(duì)話框已關(guān)閉~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
alert.dismiss();
}
});
btn_show.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
alert.show();
}
});
}
}
好的,本節(jié)給大家介紹了一下AlertDialog的基本使用,寫了幾個(gè)調(diào)用AlertDialog的例子, 最后還通過setView方法自定義了一下我們的AlertDialog!是不是還意猶未盡呢?但這說不上 真正的自定義控件,我們把自定義控件放到進(jìn)階系列,到時(shí)后會(huì)有個(gè)專題來和大家探討 下自定義控件~敬請(qǐng)期待~就說這么多,謝謝~
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