13.15 啟動一個WEB瀏覽器

問題

You want to launch a browser from a script and have it point to some URL that youspecify.

解決方案

The webbrowser module can be used to launch a browser in a platform-independentmanner. For example:

>>> import webbrowser
>>> webbrowser.open('http://www.python.org')
True
>>>

This opens the requested page using the default browser. If you want a bit more controlover how the page gets opened, you can use one of the following functions:

>>> # Open the page in a new browser window
>>> webbrowser.open_new('http://www.python.org')
True
>>>

>>> # Open the page in a new browser tab
>>> webbrowser.open_new_tab('http://www.python.org')
True
>>>

These will try to open the page in a new browser window or tab, if possible and supportedby the browser.If you want to open a page in a specific browser, you can use the webbrowser.get()function to specify a particular browser. For example:

>>> c = webbrowser.get('firefox')
>>> c.open('http://www.python.org')
True
>>> c.open_new_tab('http://docs.python.org')
True
>>>

A full list of supported browser names can be found in the Python documentation.

討論

Being able to easily launch a browser can be a useful operation in many scripts. Forexample, maybe a script performs some kind of deployment to a server and you’d liketo have it quickly launch a browser so you can verify that it’s working. Or maybe aprogram writes data out in the form of HTML pages and you’d just like to fire up abrowser to see the result. Either way, the webbrowser module is a simple solution.