該功能允許你為 Electron 應(yīng)用程序配置應(yīng)用和全局鍵盤快捷鍵。
本地快捷鍵
應(yīng)用鍵盤快捷鍵僅在應(yīng)用程序被聚焦時(shí)觸發(fā)。 為了配置本地快捷鍵，你需要在創(chuàng)建?Menu?模塊中的?MenuItem?時(shí)指定accelerator屬性。
按照 快速入門 啟動(dòng)一個(gè)應(yīng)用, 使用下面的代碼更新 main.js 文件:
| main.js |
index.html |
const { app, BrowserWindow, Menu, MenuItem } = require('electron')
function createWindow () {
const win = new BrowserWindow({
width: 800,
height: 600,
})
win.loadFile('index.html')
}
const menu = new Menu()
menu.append(new MenuItem({
label: 'Electron',
submenu: [{
role: 'help',
accelerator: process.platform === 'darwin' ? 'Alt+Cmd+I' : 'Alt+Shift+I',
click: () => { console.log('Electron rocks!') }
}]
}))
Menu.setApplicationMenu(menu)
app.whenReady().then(createWindow)
app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
app.quit()
}
})
app.on('activate', () => {
if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
createWindow()
}
})
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Hello World!</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline';" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
<p>Hit Alt+Shift+I on Windows, or Opt+Cmd+I on mac to see a message printed to the console.</p>
</body>
</html>
|
DOCS/FIDDLES/FEATURES/KEYBOARD-SHORTCUTS/LOCAL (22.0.2)
Open in Fiddle
注意：在上面的代碼中，您可以看到基于用戶的操作系統(tǒng)的 accelerator 差異。 對(duì)于MacOS，是 ??Alt+Cmd+?I?，而對(duì)于Linux 和 Windows，則是 ?Alt+Shift+I?.
啟動(dòng) Electron 應(yīng)用程序后，你應(yīng)該看到應(yīng)用程序菜單以及您剛剛定義的本地快捷方式：
如果你點(diǎn)擊 Help 或按下定義的加速器，然后打開(kāi)你運(yùn)行的 Electron 應(yīng)用程序的終端。 將看到觸發(fā) click 事件后生成的消息：“Electron rocks！”
全局快捷鍵
要配置全局鍵盤快捷鍵， 您需要使用 ?globalShortcon? 模塊來(lái)檢測(cè)鍵盤事件，即使應(yīng)用程序沒(méi)有獲得鍵盤焦點(diǎn)。
按照 快速入門 啟動(dòng)一個(gè)應(yīng)用, 使用下面的代碼更新 main.js 文件:
| main.js |
index.html |
const { app, BrowserWindow, globalShortcut } = require('electron')
function createWindow () {
const win = new BrowserWindow({
width: 800,
height: 600,
})
win.loadFile('index.html')
}
app.whenReady().then(() => {
globalShortcut.register('Alt+CommandOrControl+I', () => {
console.log('Electron loves global shortcuts!')
})
}).then(createWindow)
app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
app.quit()
}
})
app.on('activate', () => {
if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
createWindow()
}
})
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Hello World!</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline';" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
<p>Hit Alt+Ctrl+I on Windows or Opt+Cmd+I on Mac to see a message printed to the console.</p>
</body>
</html>
|
DOCS/FIDDLES/FEATURES/KEYBOARD-SHORTCUTS/GLOBAL (22.0.2)
Open in Fiddle
注：在上面的代碼中， ?CommandOrControl? 意指在 macOS 上使用 ?Command? ，在 Windows/Linux 上使用 ?Control? 。
啟動(dòng)應(yīng)用后，如果你按下定義好的全局快捷鍵，你將在啟動(dòng)的 Electron 應(yīng)用控制臺(tái)里面看到對(duì)應(yīng)的日志輸出
在瀏覽器窗口內(nèi)的快捷方式?
使用 web APIs
如果您想要在 ?BrowserWindow? 中處理鍵盤快捷鍵，你可以在渲染進(jìn)程中使用 addEventListener() API來(lái)監(jiān)聽(tīng) kepup 和 keydown
DOM事件。
| main.js |
index.html |
renderer.js |
// Modules to control application life and create native browser window
const {app, BrowserWindow} = require('electron')
const path = require('path')
function createWindow () {
// Create the browser window.
const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
width: 800,
height: 600,
})
// and load the index.html of the app.
mainWindow.loadFile('index.html')
}
// This method will be called when Electron has finished
// initialization and is ready to create browser windows.
// Some APIs can only be used after this event occurs.
app.whenReady().then(() => {
createWindow()
app.on('activate', function () {
// On macOS it's common to re-create a window in the app when the
// dock icon is clicked and there are no other windows open.
if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) createWindow()
})
})
// Quit when all windows are closed, except on macOS. There, it's common
// for applications and their menu bar to stay active until the user quits
// explicitly with Cmd + Q.
app.on('window-all-closed', function () {
if (process.platform !== 'darwin') app.quit()
})
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<!-- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CSP -->
<meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'">
<meta http-equiv="X-Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'">
<title>Hello World!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
<p>Hit any key with this window focused to see it captured here.</p>
<div><span>Last Key Pressed: </span><span id="last-keypress"></span></div>
<script src="./renderer.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
|
function handleKeyPress (event) {
// You can put code here to handle the keypress.
document.getElementById("last-keypress").innerText = event.key
console.log(`You pressed ${event.key}`)
}
window.addEventListener('keyup', handleKeyPress, true)
|
DOCS/FIDDLES/FEATURES/KEYBOARD-SHORTCUTS/WEB-APIS (22.0.2)
Open in Fiddle
注意：第三個(gè)參數(shù) ?true? 表明了當(dāng)前監(jiān)聽(tīng)器會(huì)持續(xù)在其它監(jiān)聽(tīng)器之前接收按鍵按下事件，因此無(wú)法在其它監(jiān)聽(tīng)器中調(diào)用 ?stopPropagation()?。
攔截主進(jìn)程中的事件
在調(diào)度頁(yè)面中的keydown和keyup事件之前，會(huì)發(fā)出before-input-event事件。 它可以用于捕獲和處理在菜單中不可見(jiàn)的自定義快捷方式。
按照 快速入門 啟動(dòng)一個(gè)應(yīng)用, 使用下面的代碼更新 main.js 文件:
| main.js |
index.html |
const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
app.whenReady().then(() => {
const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })
win.loadFile('index.html')
win.webContents.on('before-input-event', (event, input) => {
if (input.control && input.key.toLowerCase() === 'i') {
console.log('Pressed Control+I')
event.preventDefault()
}
})
})
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Hello World!</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline';" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
<p>Hit Ctrl+I to see a message printed to the console.</p>
</body>
</html>
|
docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/interception-from-main
Open in Fiddle
在運(yùn)行Electron應(yīng)用程序之后，如果你打開(kāi)你運(yùn)行Electron應(yīng)用的終端并按下 Ctrl+I 組合鍵，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)剛才按下的組合鍵被成功攔截了。
使用第三方庫(kù)
如果您不想手動(dòng)進(jìn)行快捷鍵解析，可以使用一些庫(kù)來(lái)進(jìn)行高級(jí)的按鍵檢測(cè)。例如 mousetrap. 以下是在渲染進(jìn)程中 mousetrap 的使用示例：
Mousetrap.bind('4', () => { console.log('4') })
Mousetrap.bind('?', () => { console.log('show shortcuts!') })
Mousetrap.bind('esc', () => { console.log('escape') }, 'keyup')
// combinations
Mousetrap.bind('command+shift+k', () => { console.log('command shift k') })
// map multiple combinations to the same callback
Mousetrap.bind(['command+k', 'ctrl+k'], () => {
console.log('command k or control k')
// return false to prevent default behavior and stop event from bubbling
return false
})
// gmail style sequences
Mousetrap.bind('g i', () => { console.log('go to inbox') })
Mousetrap.bind('* a', () => { console.log('select all') })
// konami code!
Mousetrap.bind('up up down down left right left right b a enter', () => {
console.log('konami code')
})
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