用python爬蟲豆瓣電影TOP100的簡易信息

要收集的信息包括：每部電影的標題、導(dǎo)演、上映年份、評分。

先分析一下網(wǎng)頁結(jié)構(gòu)，然后用 xpath 解析出想要的數(shù)據(jù)，接著保存到 mongodb 數(shù)據(jù)庫中：

import requests
from lxml import etree
from chardet import detect
from pymongo import MongoClient


def douban_spider():
    """
    豆瓣爬蟲調(diào)度器
    :return: None
    """
    headers = {
        'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36'
    }

    # 總公有4頁,每頁間隔25
    for i in range(0, 101, 25):
        # 用 requests 發(fā)送請求獲取 html 文檔
        url = 'https://www.douban.com/doulist/13704241/?start=' + str(i)
        print(url)
        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
        # 用 xpath 規(guī)則解析 html 文檔
        html = response.content.decode(detect(response.content).get('encoding'))
        tree = etree.HTML(html)
        page_parser(tree)


def page_parser(tree):
    """
    頁面解析器
    :return:
    """
    for item in tree.xpath('//div[@class="article"]/div[@class="doulist-item"]'):
        data = dict()
        # 排名
        data['ranking'] = item.xpath('.//div[@class="hd"]/span/text()')[0]
        # 標題
        data['title'] = ''.join(item.xpath('.//div[@class="bd doulist-subject"]/div[@class="title"]/a/text()')).strip()

        abstract = item.xpath('.//div[@class="abstract"]/text()')
        if abstract:
            # 導(dǎo)演
            data['director'] = ''.join(abstract[0]).strip().split(':')[-1].strip()
            # 上映年份
            try:
                data['year'] = ''.join(abstract[4]).strip().split(':')[-1].strip()
            except Exception as e:
                data['year'] = ''.join(abstract[3]).strip().split(':')[-1].strip()
        # 評分
        rating_num = item.xpath('.//span[@class="rating_nums"]/text()')
        if rating_num:
            data['rating_num'] = rating_num[0]

        save_data(data)


def save_data(data):
    """
    將爬取的數(shù)據(jù)寫入 mongodb 數(shù)據(jù)庫
    :return: bool 數(shù)據(jù)是否保存成功
    """
    client = MongoClient()
    db = client.douban
    collection  = db['top100']
    collection.insert_one(data)


def main():
    douban_spider()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

最后輸出到douban_movie.csv里，打開后是這樣的~