貪吃蛇是一款非常經(jīng)典的游戲,也十分適合許多初學(xué)編程語言用來練習(xí)的一個(gè)簡單練習(xí)。下面,我將通過Java編程語言,和大家分享一下怎么制作一個(gè)簡單且有趣的貪吃蛇小游戲。
1. 程序結(jié)構(gòu)
程序結(jié)構(gòu)圖如圖:
2. 程序設(shè)計(jì)思路
2.1 Data類
作用:連接statics文件夾,將靜態(tài)資源包中的圖片轉(zhuǎn)化為圖標(biāo) 方便在面板上繪制。
實(shí)現(xiàn):使用class.getResource(String path)方法。
代碼如下:
package com.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class Data {
//貪吃蛇頭部
public static URL upUrl = Data.class.getResource("/statics/up.png");
public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upUrl);
public static URL downUrl = Data.class.getResource("/statics/down.png");
public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downUrl);
public static URL leftUrl = Data.class.getResource("/statics/left.png");
public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftUrl);
public static URL rightUrl = Data.class.getResource("/statics/right.png");
public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightUrl);
//貪食蛇身體
public static URL bodyUrl = Data.class.getResource("/statics/body.png");
public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyUrl);
//食物
public static URL foodUrl = Data.class.getResource("/statics/food.png");
public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodUrl);
}
2.2 StartGame類
作用:創(chuàng)建游戲窗口,在窗口中添加一個(gè)游戲面板。
實(shí)現(xiàn):使用JFrame類創(chuàng)建游戲窗口,利用其add()方法添加一個(gè)GamePanel類實(shí)例化對象。
代碼如下:
package com.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args){
//建立游戲窗口
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Java-貪吃蛇小游戲");//標(biāo)題
frame.setSize(900,720);//窗口大小
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);//窗口顯示屏幕中間
frame.setResizable(false);//固定窗口大小
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//設(shè)置窗體關(guān)閉事件
frame.add(new GamePanel());//添加游戲內(nèi)容
frame.setVisible(true);//設(shè)置窗體可見
}
}
2.3 GamePanel類
作用:實(shí)現(xiàn)游戲的動(dòng)態(tài)頁面。
實(shí)現(xiàn):
(1)init()方法:初始化小蛇位置;
(2)eat()方法:用隨機(jī)種子隨機(jī)食物的位置,并進(jìn)行判定,食物位置不能和小蛇位置重合;
(3)繼承JPanel類,重寫paintComponent(Graphics g)方法,在方法中繪制標(biāo)題欄、小蛇的位置(根據(jù)direction小蛇頭部方向變量繪制小蛇頭部)、小蛇身體、積分欄、游戲提醒項(xiàng)與失敗判斷項(xiàng);
(4)實(shí)現(xiàn)KeyListener 接口中的keyPressed(KeyEvent e)方法,獲取鍵盤輸入,根據(jù)鍵盤輸入對游戲狀態(tài)或者小蛇頭部方向direction變量進(jìn)行更改;
(5)實(shí)現(xiàn)ActionListener接口中的actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)方法,根據(jù)游戲狀態(tài)和direction變量進(jìn)行小蛇移動(dòng)操作(注意禁用直接回頭操作),進(jìn)行吃食物判定和死亡判定。使用Timer計(jì)時(shí)器讓游戲動(dòng)態(tài)變化,用repaint()方法實(shí)時(shí)更新界面。
代碼如下:
package com.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
int[] snakeX = new int[500];//貪吃蛇橫坐標(biāo)
int[] snakeY = new int[500];//貪吃蛇縱坐標(biāo)
int foodX;//食物橫坐標(biāo)
int foodY;//食物蛇縱坐標(biāo)
int length;//貪吃蛇的長度
String direction;//貪吃蛇頭方向
int score;//積分
Random r = new Random();
Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);
boolean isStart;
boolean isFail;
//構(gòu)造函數(shù)
public GamePanel(){
init();
this.setFocusable(true);
this.addKeyListener(this);
timer.start();
}
private void init(){
length=3;
snakeX[0]=100;snakeY[0]=100;
snakeX[1]=75;snakeY[1]=100;
snakeX[2]=50;snakeY[2]=100;
direction = "R";
eat(foodX,foodY);
isStart = false;
isFail = false;
score = 0;
}
private void eat(int x,int y){
x= 25 + 25*r.nextInt(34);
y= 75 + 25*r.nextInt(24);
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if(snakeX[i]==x&&snakeY[i]==y){
x = 25 + 25*r.nextInt(34);
y = 75 + 25*r.nextInt(24);
}
}
foodX = x;foodY = y;
}
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
this.setBackground(Color.white);//設(shè)置背景板為白色
//畫標(biāo)題
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.setFont(new Font("幼圓",Font.BOLD,50));
g.drawString("貪吃蛇游戲",300,60);
//繪制游戲區(qū)域
g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);
//畫貪吃蛇頭部
if(direction=="R"){
Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
}
else if(direction=="L"){
Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
}
if(direction=="U"){
Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
}
else if(direction=="D"){
Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
}
//畫身體
for (int i = 1; i < length ; i++) {
Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);
}
//畫食物
Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodX,foodY);
//繪制積分欄
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.setFont(new Font("幼圓",Font.BOLD,20));
g.drawString("長度:"+length,730,30);
g.drawString("得分:"+score,730,60);
//游戲開始提醒
if(isStart==false){
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.setFont(new Font("幼圓",Font.BOLD,40));
g.drawString("按空格鍵開始游戲",300,300);
}
//失敗判斷
if(isFail){
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.setFont(new Font("幼圓",Font.BOLD,40));
g.drawString("游戲失敗,按空格鍵重新開始",300,300);
}
}
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//獲取按下的按鍵
//判斷空格
if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
if(isFail){
isFail = false;
init();
}
else{
isStart = !isStart;
}
repaint();
}
//判斷方向
if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT&&direction!="R"){
direction = "L";
}
else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT&&direction!="L"){
direction = "R";
}
else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP&&direction!="D"){
direction = "U";
}
else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN&&direction!="U"){
direction = "D";
}
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//判斷游戲狀態(tài)
if(isStart&&!isFail){
//移動(dòng)身體
for (int i = length-1; i > 0 ; i--) {
snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
}
//移動(dòng)頭部
if(direction=="R"){
snakeX[0] += 25;
if(snakeX[0]>850){
snakeX[0] = 25;
}
}
else if(direction=="L"){
snakeX[0] -= 25;
if(snakeX[0]<25){
snakeX[0] = 850;
}
}
else if(direction=="U"){
snakeY[0] -= 25;
if(snakeY[0]<75){
snakeY[0] = 650;
}
}
else if(direction=="D"){
snakeY[0] += 25;
if(snakeY[0]>650){
snakeY[0] = 75;
}
}
//吃食物
if(snakeX[0]==foodX&&snakeY[0]==foodY){
length++;
score += 10;
eat(foodX,foodY);
}
//死亡判定
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
if(snakeX[0]==snakeX[i]&&snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
isFail=true;
}
}
repaint();
}
timer.start();
}
}
3. 游戲展示
以上就是關(guān)于使用 Java 編程語言來實(shí)現(xiàn)簡單的貪吃蛇小游戲的全部內(nèi)容,希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持W3Cschool。