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Python3如何開(kāi)啟自帶http服務(wù)?

猿友 2021-08-03 14:13:28 瀏覽數(shù) (7018)
反饋

不管是flask還是Django,他們的實(shí)現(xiàn)都是因?yàn)閜ython內(nèi)置了http服務(wù)(反觀java,為了創(chuàng)建一個(gè)web應(yīng)用還需要使用Tomcat來(lái)運(yùn)行)。python的http服務(wù)為flask和Django的實(shí)現(xiàn)提供了基礎(chǔ),但我們要開(kāi)啟http服務(wù)并不一定要使用這些框架,接下來(lái)我們就來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一下python怎么開(kāi)啟自帶http服務(wù)吧。

開(kāi)啟Web服務(wù)

1.基本方式

Python中自帶了簡(jiǎn)單的服務(wù)器程序,能較容易地打開(kāi)服務(wù)。

在python3中將原來(lái)的SimpleHTTPServer命令改為了http.server,使用方法如下:

1. cd www目錄

2. python -m http.server

開(kāi)啟成功,則會(huì)輸出“Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 8000 (http://0.0.0.0:8000/) …”,表示在本機(jī)8000端口開(kāi)啟了服務(wù)。

如果需要后臺(tái)運(yùn)行,可在命令后加"&"符號(hào),Ctrl+C不會(huì)關(guān)閉服務(wù),如下:

python -m http.server &

如果要保持服務(wù),則在命令前加nohup以忽略所有掛斷信號(hào),如下:

nohup python -m http.server 8001

2.指定端口

如果不使用默認(rèn)端口,可在開(kāi)啟時(shí)附帶端口參數(shù),如:

python -m http.server 8001

則會(huì)在8001端口打開(kāi)http服務(wù)。

使用Web服務(wù)

可以使用http://0.0.0.0:8000/查看www目錄下的網(wǎng)頁(yè)文件,若無(wú)index.html則會(huì)顯示目錄下的文件。

也可以使用ifconfig命令查看本機(jī)IP并使用。

補(bǔ)充:python創(chuàng)建http服務(wù)

背景

用java調(diào)用dll的時(shí)候經(jīng)常出現(xiàn) invalid memory access,改用java-Python-dll,

Python通過(guò)http服務(wù)給java提供功能。

環(huán)境

Python3.7

通過(guò) http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler 來(lái)處理請(qǐng)求,并返回response

打印日志

filename為輸入日志名稱(chēng),默認(rèn)是同目錄下,沒(méi)有該文件會(huì)新創(chuàng)建

filemode a 是追加寫(xiě)的模式,w是覆蓋寫(xiě)

import logging
logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.INFO,
    format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
    filename="hhh.txt",
    filemode='a'
)
logging.info("xxxx")

調(diào)用dll

pchar - ctypes.c_char_p

integer 用了 bytes(0),byref(ctypes.c_void_p(0)) 都OK,沒(méi)有更深入去研究,如有錯(cuò)誤請(qǐng)指正。

import ctypes
from ctypes import *
dll = ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary('C:\xxx\xxx.dll')
print("dll版本號(hào)為 : "+ str(dll.GetVersion()) )
 name = ctypes.c_char_p(b"gc")
            roomno = ctypes.c_char_p(bytes(room.encode("utf-8")))
            begintime = ctypes.c_char_p(bytes(begin.encode("utf-8")))
            endtime = ctypes.c_char_p(bytes(end.encode("utf-8")))
            cardno = ctypes.c_void_p(0)
            dll.invoke...

http方案一

要注意 必須有 response = response_start_line + response_headers + “ ” + response_body

拼接應(yīng)答報(bào)文后,才能給瀏覽器正確返回

# coding:utf-8
import socket
from multiprocessing import Process
def handle_client(client_socket):
    # 獲取客戶(hù)端請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)
    request_data = client_socket.recv(1024)
    print("request:", request_data)
    # 構(gòu)造響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)
    response_start_line = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK
"
    response_headers = "Server: My server
"
    response_body = "helloWorld!"
    response = response_start_line + response_headers + "
" + response_body
    print("response:", response)
    # 向客戶(hù)端返回響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)
    client_socket.send(bytes(response, "utf-8"))
    # 關(guān)閉客戶(hù)端連接
    client_socket.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
    server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    server_socket.bind(("", 8888))
    server_socket.listen(120)
    print("success")
    while True:
        client_socket, client_address = server_socket.accept()
        print("[%s, %s]用戶(hù)連接上了" % client_address)
        handle_client_process = Process(target=handle_client, args=(client_socket,))
        handle_client_process.start()
        client_socket.close()

完整代碼

另外一種http方式

#-.- coding:utf-8 -.-
from http.server import  HTTPServer
import ctypes
from ctypes import *
# HTTPRequestHandler class
import http.server
import socketserver
import logging
# pyinstaller -F
class testHTTPServer_RequestHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    # GET
  def do_GET(self):
        logging.error('start make ')
        str2 =  str(self.path)
        print("revice: " + str2)
        if "xxx" in str2:
            # todo 你的具體業(yè)務(wù)操作
               
            if "xxx" in str2:
                print("hahaha")
                logging.error('hahaha')
                # response_body = "0"
                self.send_response(200)
                # Send headers
                self.send_header('Content-type','text/html')
                self.end_headers()
                # Send message back to client
                message = "Hello world!"
                # Write content as utf-8 data
                self.wfile.write(bytes(message, "utf8"))
                return
        else:
            print("1else")
            self.send_response(200)
            # Send headers
            self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html')
            self.end_headers()
            # Send message back to client
            message = "Hello world222333!"
            # Write content as utf-8 data
            self.wfile.write(bytes(message, "utf8"))
            return
            
def run():
  print('starting server...')
  logging.basicConfig(
      level=logging.INFO,
      format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
      filename="http_make_card.txt",
      filemode='a+'
  )
  # Server settings
  server_address = ('127.0.0.1', 8888)
  httpd = HTTPServer(server_address, testHTTPServer_RequestHandler)
  print('running server...')
  httpd.serve_forever()
run()

打包exe

pip install pyinstaller

pyinstaller -F xxx.py 即可,當(dāng)前目錄下生成

1、No module named ‘http.server'; ‘http' is not a package

當(dāng)時(shí)自己建了一個(gè)py叫http,刪掉后正常

2、UnicodeDecodeError: ‘utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xce in position 130: invalid continuat

另存為utf-8即可

設(shè)定編碼字符集

以上就是python怎么開(kāi)啟自帶http服務(wù)的全部?jī)?nèi)容,希望能給大家一個(gè)參考,也希望大家多多支持W3Cschool。


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