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Swing 是基于 AWT，用于開發(fā) Java 應(yīng)用程序用戶界面的工具包，相較于 AWT 類而言，Swing 的內(nèi)容更加的豐富。下面，我使用 Swing 工具包中的組件，來實(shí)現(xiàn)簡單的 Java 程序界面的簡單設(shè)計(jì)。
一、按鈕組件
1.1 提交按鈕組件
package swing;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.net.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class JButtonTest extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public JButtonTest() {
URL url = JButtonTest.class.getResource("imageButton.jpg");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2, 5, 5)); // 設(shè)置網(wǎng)格布局管理器
Container c = getContentPane(); // 創(chuàng)建容器
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
// 創(chuàng)建按鈕，同時(shí)設(shè)置按鈕文字與圖標(biāo)
JButton J = new JButton("button" + i, icon);
c.add(J); // 在容器中添加按鈕
if (i % 2 == 0) {
J.setEnabled(false); // 設(shè)置其中一些按鈕不可用
}
}
JButton jb = new JButton(); // 實(shí)例化一個(gè)沒有文字與圖片的按鈕
jb.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(90, 30)); // 設(shè)置按鈕與圖片相同大小
jb.setIcon(icon); // 為按鈕設(shè)置圖標(biāo)
jb.setHideActionText(true);
jb.setToolTipText("圖片按鈕"); // 設(shè)置按鈕提示為文字
jb.setBorderPainted(false); // 設(shè)置按鈕邊界不顯示
jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { // 為按鈕添加監(jiān)聽事件
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// 彈出確認(rèn)對話框
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "彈出對話框");
}
});
c.add(jb); // 將按鈕添加到容器中
setTitle("創(chuàng)建帶文字與圖片的按鈕");
setSize(350, 150);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
new JButtonTest();
}
}
1.2 復(fù)選框組件
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class CheckBoxTest extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private JPanel panel1 = new JPanel();
private JPanel panel2 = new JPanel();
private JTextArea jt = new JTextArea(3, 10);
private JCheckBox jc1 = new JCheckBox("1");
private JCheckBox jc2 = new JCheckBox("2");
private JCheckBox jc3 = new JCheckBox("3");
public CheckBoxTest() {
Container c = getContentPane();
c.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
c.add(panel1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
final JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(jt);
panel1.add(scrollPane);
c.add(panel2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
panel2.add(jc1);
jc1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (jc1.isSelected())
jt.append("復(fù)選框1被選中
");
}
});
panel2.add(jc2);
jc2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (jc2.isSelected())
jt.append("復(fù)選框2被選中
");
}
});
panel2.add(jc3);
jc3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (jc3.isSelected())
jt.append("復(fù)選框3被選中
");
}
});
setSize(200, 160);
setVisible(true);
setTitle("復(fù)選框的使用");
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new CheckBoxTest();
}
}
二、列表組件
2.1 JComboBox類
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class JComboBoxModelTest extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
JComboBox<String> jc = new JComboBox<>(new MyComboBox());
JLabel jl = new JLabel("請選擇證件");
public JComboBoxModelTest() {
setSize(new Dimension(160, 180));
setVisible(true);
setTitle("在窗口中設(shè)置下拉列表框");
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
Container cp = getContentPane();
cp.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
cp.add(jl);
cp.add(jc);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JComboBoxModelTest();
}
}
class MyComboBox extends AbstractListModel<String> implements ComboBoxModel<String> {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
String selecteditem = null;
String[] test = { "身份證", "軍人證", "學(xué)生證", "工作證" };
public String getElementAt(int index) {
return test[index];
}
public int getSize() {
return test.length;
}
public void setSelectedItem(Object item) {
selecteditem = (String) item;
}
public Object getSelectedItem() {
return selecteditem;
}
public int getIndex() {
for (int i = 0; i < test.length; i++) {
if (test[i].equals(getSelectedItem()))
return i;
}
return 0;
}
}
2.2 列表框組件
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class JListTest extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public JListTest() {
Container cp = getContentPane();
cp.setLayout(null);
JList<String> jl = new JList<>(new MyListModel());
JScrollPane js = new JScrollPane(jl);
js.setBounds(10, 10, 100, 100);
cp.add(js);
setTitle("在這個(gè)窗體中使用了列表框");
setSize(200, 150);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
new JListTest();
}
}
class MyListModel extends AbstractListModel<String> {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String[] contents = { "列表1", "列表2", "列表3", "列表4", "列表5", "列表6" };
public String getElementAt(int x) {
if (x < contents.length)
return contents[x++];
else
return null;
}
public int getSize() {
return contents.length;
}
}
三、文本組件
3.1 文本框組件
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class JTextFieldTest extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public JTextFieldTest() {
setSize(250, 100);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
Container cp = getContentPane();
getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
final JTextField jt = new JTextField("aaa", 20);
final JButton jb = new JButton("清除");
cp.add(jt);
cp.add(jb);
jt.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
// TODO 自動(dòng)生成方法存根
jt.setText("觸發(fā)事件");
}
});
jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
jt.setText("");
jt.requestFocus();
}
});
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JTextFieldTest();
}
}
3.2 密碼框
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class JTextFieldTest extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public JTextFieldTest() {
setSize(250, 100);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
Container cp = getContentPane();
getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
// final JTextField jt=new JTextField("aaa",20);
JPasswordField jp = new JPasswordField("", 20);
jp.setEchoChar('*');
final JButton jb = new JButton("清除");
cp.add(jp);
cp.add(jb);
jp.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
// TODO 自動(dòng)生成方法存根
jp.setText("觸發(fā)事件");
}
});
jb.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
jp.setText("");
jp.requestFocus();
}
});
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JTextFieldTest();
}
}
3.3 文本域組件
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class JTextAreaTest extends JFrame {
public JTextAreaTest() {
setSize(200, 100);
setTitle("定義自動(dòng)換行的文本域");
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container cp = getContentPane();
JTextArea jt = new JTextArea("文本域", 6, 6);
jt.setLineWrap(true);
cp.add(jt);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JTextAreaTest();
}
}
四、常用時(shí)間監(jiān)聽器
4.1 動(dòng)作事件監(jiān)聽器
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class SimpleEvent extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private JButton jb = new JButton("我是按鈕，點(diǎn)擊我");
public SimpleEvent() {
setLayout(null);
setSize(200, 100);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
Container cp = getContentPane();
cp.add(jb);
jb.setBounds(10, 10, 100, 30);
jb.addActionListener(new jbAction());
setVisible(true);
}
class jbAction implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
jb.setText("我被單擊了");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new SimpleEvent();
}
}
4.2 焦點(diǎn)事件監(jiān)聽器
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class FocusEventTest extends JFrame {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public FocusEventTest() {
setSize(250, 100);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container cp = getContentPane();
getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
final JLabel label = new JLabel();
getContentPane().add(label);
JTextField jt = new JTextField("請單擊其他文本框", 10);
JTextField jt2 = new JTextField("請單擊我", 10);
cp.add(jt);
cp.add(jt2);
jt.addFocusListener(new FocusListener() {
// 組件失去焦點(diǎn)時(shí)調(diào)用的方法
public void focusLost(FocusEvent arg0) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "文本框失去焦點(diǎn)");
}
// 組件獲取鍵盤焦點(diǎn)時(shí)調(diào)用的方法
public void focusGained(FocusEvent arg0) {
}
});
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new FocusEventTest();
}
}
到此這篇關(guān)于使用 Java 中的 Swing 工具包實(shí)現(xiàn)程序界面的簡單設(shè)計(jì)的文章就介紹到這了，想要了解更多相關(guān) Java Swing 程序界面設(shè)計(jì)的其他內(nèi)容請搜索W3Cschool以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章，也希望大家以后多多支持！
