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在html5使用canvas實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單連線動(dòng)畫案例分享!

猿友 2021-08-02 17:40:55 瀏覽數(shù) (3736)
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大家在先前了解過的前端中我們可以知道,在前端開發(fā)中 canvas在動(dòng)畫中的使用場(chǎng)景是比較廣泛的,所以今天就來(lái)和大家繼續(xù)分享有關(guān)于:“在html5使用canvas實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單連線動(dòng)畫案例分享! ”這方面的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。

step1:繪制點(diǎn)

首先創(chuàng)建個(gè)標(biāo)簽<canvas id="canvas"></canvas>
設(shè)置幾個(gè)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo):

  const points = [
        [200, 100], //上
        [300, 200], //右
        [100, 200], //左
        [200, 100], //上
        [200, 300], //下
        [100, 200], //左
        [300, 200], //右
        [200, 300]
      ];
      const canvas = document.querySelector("canvas");
      const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");  

然后把點(diǎn)給畫出來(lái):

points.forEach(([x, y]) => {
          drawDot(x, y);
        });
function drawDot(x1, y1, r) {
          ctx.save();
          ctx.beginPath(); //不寫會(huì)和線連起來(lái)
          ctx.fillStyle = "red";
          //繪制成矩形
          ctx.arc(x1, y1, r ? r : 2, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
          ctx.fill();
          ctx.restore();
        }

step2:繪制線條

我們封裝一個(gè)方法,傳入起點(diǎn)終點(diǎn),繪制一根線條

function drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2) {
          ctx.save();
          ctx.beginPath(); //不寫每次都會(huì)重繪上次的線
          ctx.lineCap = "round";
          ctx.lineJoin = "round";
          var grd = ctx.createLinearGradient(x1, y1, x2, y2);

          ctx.moveTo(x1, y1);
          ctx.lineTo(x2, y2);
          ctx.closePath();
          ctx.strokeStyle = "rgba(255,255,255,1)";
          ctx.stroke();
          ctx.restore();
        }

step3:線條動(dòng)畫

這里面需要計(jì)算兩點(diǎn)之間的斜率,然后x坐標(biāo)每次挪動(dòng)±1單位,已知斜率和x偏移,即可計(jì)算出y的偏移。值得注意的是,這個(gè)坐標(biāo)系和數(shù)學(xué)中的xy坐標(biāo)系有點(diǎn)不一樣,y軸是反的。然后可以引入額外的參數(shù)speed控制速度:

function lineMove(points) {
          if (points.length < 2) {
              
            return;
          }
          const [[x1, y1], [x2, y2]] = points;
          let dx = x2 - x1;
          let dy = y2 - y1;
          if (Math.abs(dx) < 1 && Math.abs(dy) < 1) {
            points = points.slice(1);
            lineMove(points);
            return;
          }
          let x = x1,
            y = y1; //線條繪制過程中的終點(diǎn)
          if (dx === 0) {
            (x = x2), (y += (speed * dy) / Math.abs(dy));
          } else if (dy === 0) {
            x += (speed * dx) / Math.abs(dx);
            y = y2;
          } else if (Math.abs(dx) >= 1) {
            let rate = dy / dx;
            x += (speed * dx) / Math.abs(dx);
            y += (speed * rate * dx) / Math.abs(dx);
          }
          drawLine(x1, y1, x, y);
          points[0] = [x, y];
          window.requestAnimationFrame(function() {
            lineMove(points);
          });
        }

主要代碼就這么多,先看效果

完整代碼:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" />
  <title>canvas-連線動(dòng)畫</title>
</head>

<body>
  <canvas id="canvas" width="400" height="400"></canvas>
  <script>
    //起點(diǎn):10,20 終點(diǎn):150,200
    const points = [
      [200, 100], //上
      [300, 200], //右
      [100, 200], //左
      [200, 100], //上
      [200, 300], //下
      [100, 200], //左
      [300, 200], //右
      [200, 300]
    ];
    const canvas = document.querySelector("canvas");
    const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
    // const img = new Image();
    const speed = 10; //速度
    // img.onload = function() {
    // canvas.width = img.width;
    // canvas.height = img.height;
    animate(ctx);
    // };

    // img.src = "./imgs/demo.png";
    function animate(ctx) {
      // ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0);
      ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
      points.forEach(([x, y]) => {
        drawDot(x, y);
      });
      lineMove(points);
    }
    function lineMove(points) {
      if (points.length < 2) {
        return;
      }
      const [[x1, y1], [x2, y2]] = points;
      let dx = x2 - x1;
      let dy = y2 - y1;
      if (Math.abs(dx) < 1 && Math.abs(dy) < 1) {
        points = points.slice(1);
        lineMove(points);
        return;
      }
      let x = x1,
        y = y1; //線條繪制過程中的終點(diǎn)
      if (dx === 0) {
        (x = x2), (y += (speed * dy) / Math.abs(dy));
      } else if (dy === 0) {
        x += (speed * dx) / Math.abs(dx);
        y = y2;
      } else if (Math.abs(dx) >= 1) {
        let rate = dy / dx;
        x += (speed * dx) / Math.abs(dx);
        y += (speed * rate * dx) / Math.abs(dx);
      }
      drawLine(x1, y1, x, y);
      points[0] = [x, y];
      window.requestAnimationFrame(function () {
        lineMove(points);
      });
    }

    function drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2) {
      ctx.save();
      ctx.beginPath(); //不寫每次都會(huì)重繪上次的線
      ctx.lineCap = "round";
      ctx.lineJoin = "round";
      var grd = ctx.createLinearGradient(x1, y1, x2, y2);

      ctx.moveTo(x1, y1);
      ctx.lineTo(x2, y2);
      ctx.closePath();
      ctx.strokeStyle = "rgba(255,255,255,1)";
      ctx.stroke();
      ctx.restore();
    }

    function drawDot(x1, y1, r) {
      ctx.save();
      ctx.beginPath(); //不寫會(huì)和線連起來(lái)
      ctx.fillStyle = "red";
      //繪制成矩形
      ctx.arc(x1, y1, r ? r : 2, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
      ctx.fill();
      ctx.restore();
    }
  </script>
</body>

</html>

那么以上就是小編整理的有關(guān)于:“在html5使用canvas實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單連線動(dòng)畫案例分享! ”這方面的相關(guān)內(nèi)容分享,當(dāng)然如果你對(duì)html5這方面有自己的其他見解也可以和大家伙一同分享你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)一同成長(zhǎng),如果你想全面提高自己的話我們可以在W3Cschool中進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)。


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