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Java基于IO流設(shè)計圖書管理系統(tǒng)的實戰(zhàn)練習(xí) 詳細實例代碼解析

流年絮語 2021-08-09 15:19:21 瀏覽數(shù) (2316)
反饋

一、前言

當(dāng)前，我還沒有學(xué)到數(shù)據(jù)庫相關(guān)的知識，想要完全通過Java來完成一個可以存儲數(shù)據(jù)的圖書館管理系統(tǒng)就只能使用I/O流的知識，將內(nèi)容都保存到文件中，再進行增刪改查的操作，這就很考驗我們的Java基礎(chǔ)知識掌握能力。

二、項目介紹

  • Java基本語法的掌握
  • 流程控制語句的熟練使用
  • 面向?qū)ο笏枷氲睦斫?/li>
  • 能否熟練使用封裝、繼承、多態(tài)
  • 接口、異常的熟悉
  • 集合的使用
  • 是否熟悉掌握I/O流相關(guān)操作

三、項目說明

  • 傳統(tǒng)的人工管理圖書館流程繁瑣，我們需求設(shè)計一個圖書館管理系統(tǒng)來方便學(xué)生借書以及管理員管理書籍
  • 系統(tǒng)功能分為：讀者信息管理模塊、圖書信息管理模塊、圖書借閱管理模塊、基礎(chǔ)信息維護模塊和用戶管理模塊。
  • 讀者信息管理：能對讀者基本信息管理，如：新增讀者、信息修改、查詢
  • 圖書信息管理：能管理圖書基本信息，如新增圖書、刪除圖書、查詢圖書等
  • 圖書借閱信息管理：能對借閱信息進行記錄，包括讀者信息、圖書信息、借閱時間等。
  • 圖書歸還信息管理：能對圖書歸還信息進行判斷，是否超出借閱時間，罰金為多少

四、項目實現(xiàn)

代碼部分如下：

Person類：

package User;

public class Person {
    public String name;//姓名
    public String sex;//性別
    public int age;//年齡

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name, String sex, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
}

Book類：

package Book;

public class Book {
    private String bookName; //書名
    private String author; //作者
    public double price; //價格
    private String category; //分類
    public String press;//出版社
    private String state; //狀態(tài)  true-已借出  false-未借出
    private String borrowName;
    private String borrowTime;
    
    public Book() {
    }

    public Book(String bookName, String author, double price, String category, String press, String state, String borrowName, String borrowTime) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.category = category;
        this.press = press;
        this.state = state;
        this.borrowName = borrowName;
        this.borrowTime = borrowTime;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getCategory() {
        return category;
    }

    public void setCategory(String category) {
        this.category = category;
    }

    public String getPress() {
        return press;
    }

    public void setPress(String press) {
        this.press = press;
    }

    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    public String getBorrowName() {
        return borrowName;
    }

    public void setBorrowName(String borrowName) {
        this.borrowName = borrowName;
    }

    public String getBorrowTime() {
        return borrowTime;
    }

    public void setBorrowTime(String borrowTime) {
        this.borrowTime = borrowTime;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return bookName + "," + author + "," + price + "," + category + "," + press + "," + state + "," + borrowName + "," + borrowTime;
    }
}

Library類：

package Library;

import java.io.*;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

import User.User;
import User.Admin;

public class Library {
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    private String operator;

    //用戶注冊登錄
    public void Interface() throws IOException, ParseException {
        boolean a = true;
        File file = new File("用戶信息.txt");
        try {
            while (a) {
                System.out.println("==================圖書管理系統(tǒng)==================");
                System.out.println("請登錄：1.普通用戶  2.管理員登錄  3.注冊 4.退出系統(tǒng)");
                int i = sc.nextInt();
                if (i < 1 || i > 4) {
                    System.out.println("到底能不能行？能不能看明白了再輸！");
                } else if (i == 4) {
                    a = false;
                } else if (i == 1) {
                    //普通用戶登錄
                    System.out.println("請輸入您的用戶名：");
                    operator = sc.next();
                    System.out.println("請輸入您的密碼：");
                    String password = sc.next();
                    FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(file);
                    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
                    String tempString;
                    List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
                    while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        list.add(tempString);
                    }
                    //判斷輸入的用戶名是否存在
                    boolean flag = false;
                    String[] userinf = new String[5];
                    for (String user : list) {
                        userinf = user.split(",");
                        if (operator.equals(userinf[0])) { //判斷用戶名是否存在
                            flag = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    //如果存在，判斷密碼是否正確
                    if (flag == true) {

                        if (password.equals(userinf[1])) {
                            System.out.println("登陸成功");
                            //寫日志
                            Date nowDate = new Date();
                            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                            String returnTime = sdf.format(nowDate);
                            File file2 = new File("日志.txt");
                            FileWriter fw1 = new FileWriter(file2, true);
                            fw1.write(returnTime + "  " + operator + "登錄了");
                            fw1.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
                            fw1.close();
                            //登錄
                            try {
                                User user = new User();
                                user.operation(userinf, operator);
                            } catch (Exception e) {
                                System.out.println("到底能不能行？能不能看明白了再輸！");
                                User user = new User();
                                user.operation(userinf, operator);
                            }
                        } else {
                            System.out.println("密碼錯誤");
                        }

                    } else {
                        System.out.println("用戶名不存在");
                    }
                    intput.close();
                    reader.close();
                } else if (i == 2) {
                    //管理員登錄
                    System.out.println("請輸入管理員密碼！");
                    String rootPassword = sc.next();
                    if (rootPassword.equals("88888888")) {
                        //管理員登錄成功
                        System.out.println("管理員登陸成功！");
                        try {
                            Admin admin = new Admin();
                            admin.admin();
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            System.out.println("到底能不能行？能不能看明白了再輸！");
                            Admin admin = new Admin();
                            admin.admin();
                        }

                    } else {
                        System.out.println("你是不是管理員心里沒個ACD數(shù)嗎？");
                    }
                } else if (i == 3) {
                    //注冊
                    System.out.println("請輸入用戶名：");
                    String name = sc.next();
                    //查找是否有同名用戶
                    FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(file);
                    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
                    String tempString;
                    List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
                    while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        list.add(tempString);
                    }
                    String[] userinf = new String[5];
                    boolean flag = false;
                    for (String user : list) {
                        userinf = user.split(",");
                        if (name.equals(userinf[0])) { //判斷用戶名是否存在
                            flag = true;
                            System.out.println("該用戶名已存在，請重新擬取名稱");
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if (flag == false) {
                        System.out.println("請輸入密碼：");
                        String password = sc.next();
                        String sex;
                        while (true) {
                            System.out.println("請輸入您的性別：");
                            sex = sc.next();
                            if (sex.equals("男") || sex.equals("女")) {
                                break;
                            } else {
                                System.out.println("請輸入正確的性別！");
                            }
                        }
                        System.out.println("請輸入您的年齡：");
                        int age = sc.nextInt();
                        if (age < 10) {
                            System.out.println("您的年齡太小啦！請讓家長使用賬號幫您借閱書籍！");
                            break;
                        }
                        long phone;
                        while (true) {
                            System.out.println("請輸入您的電話號碼：");
                            phone = sc.nextInt();
                            if (phone < 0) {
                                System.out.println("請輸入正確的電話號碼！");
                            } else {
                                break;
                            }
                        }

                        User u = new User(name, sex, age, phone, password);
                        file.createNewFile();
                        FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true);
                        fw.write(u.toString());
                        fw.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
                        fw.close();
                        System.out.println("恭喜您，注冊成功！");
                        Date nowDate = new Date();
                        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                        String returnTime = sdf.format(nowDate);
                        File file1 = new File("日志.txt");
                        FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file1, true);
                        fileWriter.write(returnTime + "  注冊了新用戶:" + name);
                        fileWriter.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
                        fileWriter.close();
                    }

                }

            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("到底能不能行？能不能看明白了再輸！");
            Library library = new Library();
            library.Interface();
            return;
        }

    }
}

添加書籍AddBook：

package Book;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class AddBook {
    public void addBook() throws IOException {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        File file = new File("書籍.txt");

        System.out.println("請輸入書名：");
        String bookName = sc.next();
        //查找是否有同名書籍
        FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(file);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
        String tempString;
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            list.add(tempString);
        }
        String[] bookinf = new String[8];
        boolean flag = false;
        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf = user.split(",");
            if (bookName.equals(bookinf[0])) { //判斷書籍是否存在
                flag = true;
                System.out.println("該書籍已存在，小圖書館不整這么多一樣的書了，浪費錢！");
                break;
            }
        }
        if (flag == false) {
            System.out.println("請輸入作者：");
            String author = sc.next();
            double price;
            while (true) {
                System.out.println("請輸入書籍價格：");
                price = sc.nextDouble();
                if (price < 10) {
                    System.out.println("這么便宜？要不然直接白送？能不能合理一點？");
                } else if (price > 500) {
                    System.out.println("這河里嗎？這么金貴的書你舍得借嗎？這么小個圖書館放這么貴的書河里嗎？");
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }

            System.out.println("請輸入書籍類型：");
            String category = sc.next();
            System.out.println("請輸入書籍的出版社：");
            String press = sc.next();
            String state = "false";
            String borrowName = "無";
            String borrowTime = "null";
            Book book = new Book(bookName, author, price, category, press, state, borrowName, borrowTime);
            file.createNewFile();
            FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true);
            fw.write(book.toString());
            fw.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
            fw.close();
            System.out.println("恭喜您，添加書籍成功！");
        }

    }
}

借閱書籍BorrowBook：

該類中使用了修改文本中特定字符串的內(nèi)容的方法，該方法的使用探討我已經(jīng)寫成博文發(fā)布，可以點擊以下鏈接進行查看：Java中查找文本中特定內(nèi)容后進行修改

package Book;


import java.io.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class BorrowBook {
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

    public void borrowBook(String operator) throws IOException {
        String filePath = "書籍.txt";
        BorrowBook modifyFile = new BorrowBook();
        File bookFile = new File("書籍.txt");


        //根據(jù)書籍名稱查詢到需要修改的書籍?dāng)?shù)據(jù)
        FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(bookFile);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
        String tempString = null;
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            list.add(tempString);
        }
        boolean flag = false;
        String[] bookinf = new String[8];
        System.out.println("=======================當(dāng)前可借閱書籍有=======================");
        int i = 0;
        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf = user.split(",");
            if (bookinf[5].equals("false")) {
                System.out.print(" | " + bookinf[0] + " |");
                i++;
                if (i % 5 == 0) {
                    System.out.println("");
                    System.out.println("==========================================================");
                }
            }
        }
        if (i % 5 != 0) {
            System.out.println("");
            System.out.println("==========================================================");
        }
        System.out.println("請輸入要借閱的書籍名稱：");
        String bookName = scanner.next();

        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf = user.split(",");
            if (bookName.equals(bookinf[0])) { //判斷書籍是否存在
                flag = true;
                System.out.println("書名：" + bookinf[0] + ",作者：" + bookinf[1] + ",價格：" + bookinf[2] +
                        ",類型：" + bookinf[3] + ",出版社：" + bookinf[4] + ",是否被借出：" + bookinf[5]);
                break;
            }
        }
        if (flag == false) {
            System.out.println("沒有查找到該書籍，請重新確認后再進行查找！");
            return;
        }
        //修改書籍?dāng)?shù)據(jù)后，重新寫入文件

        if (bookName.equals(bookinf[0]) && bookinf[5].equals("false")) {
            boolean result = modifyFile.writeFile(filePath, modifyFile.readFileContent(bookinf, filePath, "false", "true"));
            // 修改文件中借閱狀態(tài)

            if (result == true) {
                //獲取借書人后寫入“無”
                modifyFile.writeFile(filePath, modifyFile.readFileContent(bookinf, filePath, "無", operator));
                //獲取時間后寫入最后一位
                Date nowDate = new Date();
                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                String borrowTime = sdf.format(nowDate);

                modifyFile.writeFile(filePath, modifyFile.readFileContent(bookinf, filePath, "null", borrowTime));
                System.out.println("借閱成功！");
//                System.out.println("借閱時間：" + borrowTime + "，最多可借閱7天，請記得按時歸還!");
                System.out.println("借閱時間：" + borrowTime + "，最多可借閱20秒，請記得按時歸還!");//為方便測試，將借閱時間設(shè)置為20秒
                //寫日志
                File file = new File("日志.txt");
                FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true);
                fw.write(borrowTime + "  " + operator + "借走了圖書：" + bookinf[0]);
                fw.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
                fw.close();
                return;
            }
        } else {
            System.out.println("該書已被借出或不存在，請重新查詢后再進行借閱！");
        }
    }

    // 讀文件
    public String readFileContent(String[] bookinf, String filePath, String oldString, String newString) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        BufferedReader br = null;
        String line = null;
        StringBuffer bufAll = new StringBuffer();// 保存修改過后的所有內(nèi)容
        try {
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(filePath), "UTF-8"));
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
                // 修改內(nèi)容核心代碼
                String[] bookinf2 = line.split(",");
                if (bookinf2[0].equals(bookinf[0])) {//判斷條件根據(jù)自己的要求修改
                    buf.append(line);
                    int indexOf = line.indexOf(oldString);
                    buf.replace(indexOf, indexOf + oldString.length(), newString);// 修改內(nèi)容
                    buf.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));// 添加換行
                    bufAll.append(buf);
                } else {
                    buf.append(line);
                    buf.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));
                    bufAll.append(buf);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (br != null) {
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    br = null;
                }
            }
        }
        return bufAll.toString();
    }

    // 寫文件
    public boolean writeFile(String filePath, String content) {
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(filePath), "UTF-8"));
            bw.write(content);
            bw.flush();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        } finally {
            if (bw != null) {
                try {
                    bw.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    bw = null;
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

}

刪除書籍DeleteBook：

package Book;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;


public class DeleteBook {

    private String bookDelete;
    String[] bookinf = new String[8];
    String[] bookinf1 = new String[8];

    public void deleteBook() throws IOException {
        File file = new File("書籍.txt");
        FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(file);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
        String tempString;//定義一個字符串，每一次讀出該行字符串內(nèi)容
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();//定義一個list字符串集合用來儲存每一行的字符串信息
        while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            list.add(tempString);
        }
        System.out.println("==========當(dāng)前書籍有==========");
        //遍歷字符串集合
        for (String book : list) {
            bookinf = book.split(",");//將‘,‘作為分隔符，將字符串分隔開存放進入數(shù)組中
            System.out.print(bookinf[0] + " ");
        }
        System.out.println("");
        //輸入要刪除的內(nèi)容
        System.out.println("請輸入要刪除的書籍名稱：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        bookDelete = scanner.next();

        //查詢該用戶是否有未歸還的書籍，如果存在未歸還的書籍，將不能刪除該用戶的信息
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String bookString;
        List<String> bookList = new ArrayList<>();
        while ((bookString = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            bookList.add(bookString);
        }
        boolean have = false;//是否存在書籍
        for (String borrowUser : bookList) {
            bookinf = borrowUser.split(",");
            //判斷書籍是否存在
            if (bookDelete.equals(bookinf[0])) {
                have = true;
            }
            //若該書籍存在，判斷書籍對應(yīng)用戶位是否存在用戶
            //若對應(yīng)位用戶不為“無”，則表示該書籍有人借出，則無法刪除該書籍
            //同時告知管理員（打?。┰摃荒奈挥脩艚璩錾形礆w還
            if (!"無".equals(bookinf[6]) && have) {
                System.out.println("該書籍尚未被用戶“" + bookinf[6] + "”歸還，請在其歸還書籍后再進行操作！");
                return;
            }
        }
        if (have == false) {
            System.out.println("無法找到該書籍，請重新確認后再進行操作！");
            return;
        }
        for (String delBook : list) {
            bookinf1 = delBook.split(",");
            //找到即將刪除的書籍在集合中的位置，將該部分內(nèi)容從集合中刪除，然后清空整個文件
            if (bookDelete.equals(bookinf1[0])) {
                list.remove(delBook);//在集合中刪除該行
                FileWriter fd = new FileWriter(file, false);//append傳入false表示寫入內(nèi)容時將會覆蓋文件中之前存在的內(nèi)容
                fd.write("");//執(zhí)行刪除操作，寫入空內(nèi)容覆蓋之前的內(nèi)容
                fd.close();
                break;
            }
        }

        //重新遍歷一遍更改后的集合，將內(nèi)容重新寫入文件內(nèi)
        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf1 = user.split(",");
            FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true);//append傳入true表示寫入內(nèi)容時將不會覆蓋文件中之前存在的內(nèi)容，將新的內(nèi)容寫在之前內(nèi)容的后面
            fw.write(bookinf1[0] + "," + bookinf1[1] +
                    "," + bookinf1[2] + "," + bookinf1[3] +
                    "," + bookinf1[4] + "," + bookinf1[5] +
                    "," + bookinf1[6] + "," + bookinf1[7]);//執(zhí)行重新寫入內(nèi)容的操作，將修改過的集合通過數(shù)組讀下標(biāo)后，再重新存寫入文件中
            fw.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
            fw.close();
        }
        System.out.println("刪除成功！");
    }

}

歸還書籍ReturnBook：

package Book;

import java.io.*;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ReturnBook {
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

    public void returnBook(String operator) throws IOException, ParseException {
        String filePath = "書籍.txt";
        ReturnBook modifyFile = new ReturnBook();
        File bookFile = new File("書籍.txt");

        //根據(jù)書籍名稱查詢到需要修改的書籍?dāng)?shù)據(jù)
        FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(bookFile);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
        String tempString = null;
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();

        while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            list.add(tempString);

        }
        int flag = 0;
        String[] bookinf = new String[8];
        String[] bookinf1 = new String[8];
        System.out.println("=======================當(dāng)前已借閱書籍有=======================");
        int i = 0;
        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf1 = user.split(",");
            if (bookinf1[6].equals(operator)) {
                System.out.print(" | " + bookinf1[0] + " |");
                i++;
                if (i % 5 == 0) {
                    System.out.println("");
                    System.out.println("==========================================================");
                }
            }
        }
        if (i % 5 != 0) {
            System.out.println("");
            System.out.println("==========================================================");
        }
        System.out.println("請輸入要歸還的書籍名稱：");
        String bookName = scanner.next();
        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf = user.split(",");
            if (bookName.equals(bookinf[0]) && operator.equals(bookinf[6])) {
                //判斷書籍是否存在，且為本人所借出
                //若屬實則輸出書籍完整信息
                flag = 1;
                System.out.println("書名：" + bookinf[0] + ",作者：" + bookinf[1] + ",價格：" + bookinf[2] + ",類型：" + bookinf[3] +
                        ",出版社：" + bookinf[4] + ",是否被借出：" + bookinf[5] + ",借書人：" + bookinf[6] + ",借出日期：" + bookinf[7]);
                //判斷是否超時，超時需付罰金
                long charge = 0;//兩個時間相差的天數(shù)
                Date nowDate = new Date();
                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                String returnTime = sdf.format(nowDate);//獲取歸還時間
                Date d1 = sdf.parse(bookinf[7]);//借出時間
                Date d2 = sdf.parse(returnTime);//歸還時間
                charge = (d2.getTime() - d1.getTime()) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);//天
                long charge1 = (d2.getTime() - d1.getTime()) / (1000);//秒

                //逾期書籍將繳納罰金
                if (charge1 <= 20) {
                    System.out.println("該書籍被您借出" + charge1 + "秒,感謝您規(guī)范用書！");
                } else if (charge1 > 20) {
                    System.out.println("該書籍被您借出" + charge1 + "秒,您已逾期" + (charge1 - 20) + "秒,需交罰金：" + (charge1 - 20) * 5 + "元,謝謝配合！");
                }
//                if (charge <= 7) {
//                    System.out.println("該書籍被您借出" + charge + "天,感謝您規(guī)范用書！");
//                } else if (charge > 7) {
//                    System.out.println("該書籍被您借出" + charge + "天,您已逾期" + (charge - 7) + "天,需交罰金：" + (charge - 7) * 5 + "元,謝謝配合！");
//                }
                break;
            } else if (bookName.equals(bookinf[0]) && !operator.equals(bookinf[6]) && bookinf[5].equals("true")) {
                //判斷書籍是否存在，且為本人所借出
                //若存在該書籍且被借出，但不是本人所借出，只輸出該書籍基本信息
                flag = 2;
                System.out.println("書名：" + bookinf[0] + ",作者：" + bookinf[1] + ",價格：" + bookinf[2] +
                        ",類型：" + bookinf[3] + ",出版社：" + bookinf[4] + ",是否被借出：" + bookinf[5]);
                break;
            } else if (bookName.equals(bookinf[0]) && bookinf[5].equals("false")) {
                //判斷書籍是否存在，且為本人所借出
                //若存在該書籍但并未被借出，只輸出該書籍基本信息
                flag = 3;
                System.out.println("書名：" + bookinf[0] + ",作者：" + bookinf[1] + ",價格：" + bookinf[2] +
                        ",類型：" + bookinf[3] + ",出版社：" + bookinf[4] + ",是否被借出：" + bookinf[5]);
                break;
            }
        }
        if (flag == 0) {
            System.out.println("沒有查找到該書籍，請重新確認后再進行查找！");
        } else if (flag == 2) {
            System.out.println("該書不是由您所借出，請查證后再輸入歸還的書籍！");
        } else if (flag == 3) {
            System.out.println("該書并未被借出，請查證后再輸入歸還的書籍！");
        }
        //修改書籍?dāng)?shù)據(jù)后，重新寫入文件

        else if (flag == 1) {
            if (bookName.equals(bookinf[0]) && bookinf[5].equals("true") && operator.equals(bookinf[6])) {
                modifyFile.writeFile(filePath, modifyFile.readFileContent(bookinf, filePath, "true", "false"));
                // 修改文件中借閱狀態(tài)

                modifyFile.writeFile(filePath, modifyFile.readFileContent(bookinf, filePath, operator, "無"));
                modifyFile.writeFile(filePath, modifyFile.readFileContent(bookinf, filePath, bookinf[7], "null"));
                System.out.println("歸還成功！");
                //寫日志
                Date nowDate = new Date();
                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                String returnTime = sdf.format(nowDate);
                File file = new File("日志.txt");
                FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true);
                fw.write(returnTime + "  " + operator + "歸還了圖書：" + bookinf[0]);
                fw.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
                fw.close();
                return;

            }
        }
    }

    // 讀文件
    public String readFileContent(String[] bookinf, String filePath, String oldString, String newString) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        BufferedReader br = null;
        String line = null;
        StringBuffer bufAll = new StringBuffer();// 保存修改過后的所有內(nèi)容
        try {
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(filePath), "UTF-8"));
//            System.out.println("請確認您的用戶名：");
//            String username = sc.next();
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
                // 修改內(nèi)容核心代碼
                String[] bookinf2 = line.split(",");
                if (bookinf2[0].equals(bookinf[0])) {//判斷條件根據(jù)自己的要求修改
                    buf.append(line);
                    int indexOf = line.indexOf(oldString);
                    buf.replace(indexOf, indexOf + oldString.length(), newString);// 修改內(nèi)容
                    buf.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));// 添加換行
                    bufAll.append(buf);
                } else {
                    buf.append(line);
                    buf.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));
                    bufAll.append(buf);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (br != null) {
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    br = null;
                }
            }
        }
        return bufAll.toString();
    }

    // 寫文件
    public boolean writeFile(String filePath, String content) {
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(filePath), "UTF-8"));
            bw.write(content);
            bw.flush();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        } finally {
            if (bw != null) {
                try {
                    bw.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    bw = null;
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}

查詢書籍FindBook：

package Book;

import java.io.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class FindBook {

    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    File bookFile = new File("書籍.txt");

    public void findBook(String operator) throws IOException {
        FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(bookFile);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
        String tempString = null;
//        int line = 1;
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
//        System.out.println("書籍 | 作者 | 價格 | 類型 | 出版社 | 是否被借出");
        while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            list.add(tempString);
//            System.out.println(tempString);
//            line++;
        }
        boolean flag = false;
        String[] bookinf = new String[8];
        System.out.println("=========================當(dāng)前書籍有=========================");
        int i = 0;
        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf = user.split(",");
            System.out.print(" | " + bookinf[0] + " 是否被借出：" + bookinf[5] + " |");
            i++;
            if (i % 2 == 0) {
                System.out.println("");
                System.out.println("==========================================================");
            }
        }
        if (i % 2 != 0) {
            System.out.println("");
            System.out.println("==========================================================");
        }
        System.out.println("請輸入要查看詳細信息的書籍名稱：");
        String bookName = scanner.next();
        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf = user.split(",");
            if (bookName.equals(bookinf[0])) { //判斷書籍是否存在
                flag = true;
                System.out.println("書名：" + bookinf[0] + ",作者：" + bookinf[1] + ",價格：" + bookinf[2] +
                        ",類型：" + bookinf[3] + ",出版社：" + bookinf[4] + ",是否被借出：" + bookinf[5]);
                //寫日志
                Date nowDate = new Date();
                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                String findTime = sdf.format(nowDate);
                File file = new File("日志.txt");
                FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true);
                fw.write(findTime + "  " + operator + "查詢了圖書：" + bookinf[0]);
                fw.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
                fw.close();
                break;
            }
        }
        if (flag == false) {
            System.out.println("沒有查找到該書籍，請重新確認后再進行查找！");
        }

    }

    public void adminFindBook() throws IOException {
        FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(bookFile);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
        String tempString = null;
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            list.add(tempString);
//            System.out.println(tempString);
        }
        String[] bookinf = new String[8];
        System.out.println("=========================當(dāng)前書籍有=========================");
        int i = 0;
        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf = user.split(",");
            System.out.print(" | " + bookinf[0] + " |");
            i++;
            if (i % 5 == 0) {
                System.out.println("");
                System.out.println("==========================================================");
            }
        }
        System.out.println("");
        System.out.println("==========================================================");
        System.out.println("請輸入要查看詳細信息的書籍名稱：");
        String bookName = scanner.next();
        boolean flag = false;
        for (String user : list) {
            bookinf = user.split(",");
            if (bookName.equals(bookinf[0])) { //判斷書籍是否存在
                flag = true;
                System.out.println("書名：" + bookinf[0] + ",作者：" + bookinf[1] + ",價格：" + bookinf[2] + ",類型：" + bookinf[3] +
                        ",出版社：" + bookinf[4] + ",是否被借出：" + bookinf[5] + ",借書人：" + bookinf[6] + ",借出日期：" + bookinf[7]);
                break;
            }
        }
        if (flag == false) {
            System.out.println("沒有查找到該書籍，請重新確認后再進行查找！");
        }

    }

}

用戶界面User：

package User;

import Book.BorrowBook;
import Book.FindBook;
import Book.ReturnBook;

import java.io.*;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class User extends Person {
    //用戶屬性

    private long Uphone;
    private String Upassword;

    public User() {

    }

    public User(String name, String sex, int age, long Uphone, String Upassword) {
        super(name, sex, age);
        this.Uphone = Uphone;
        this.Upassword = Upassword;
    }


    public long getUphone() {
        return Uphone;
    }

    public void setUphone(int uphone) {
        Uphone = uphone;
    }

    public String getUpassword() {
        return Upassword;
    }

    public void setUpassword(String upassword) {
        Upassword = upassword;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return name + "," + Upassword + "," + sex + "," + age + "," + Uphone;
    }

    public void operation(String[] userinf, String operator) throws IOException, ParseException {
        File bookFile = new File("書籍.txt");
        FindBook fb = new FindBook();
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("===============普通用戶操作界面===============");
            System.out.println("1.查詢書籍 2.借閱書籍 3.歸還書籍 4.修改密碼 5.返回");
            Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
            int j = sc.nextInt();
            if (j < 1 || j > 5) {
                System.out.println("到底能不能行？能不能看明白了再輸！");
            } else if (j == 5) {
                return;
            } else if (j == 1) {//查詢書籍
                fb.findBook(operator);
            } else if (j == 2) {//借閱書籍
                BorrowBook bb = new BorrowBook();
                bb.borrowBook(operator);
            } else if (j == 3) {//歸還書籍
                ReturnBook gbb = new ReturnBook();
                gbb.returnBook(operator);
            } else if (j == 4) {//修改密碼
                String filePath = "用戶信息.txt";
                User modifyFile = new User();
                System.out.println("請輸入原密碼：");
                String oldString = sc.next();
                //如果輸入的原密碼不正確，無法進行修改，如果正確，才能進行修改
                if (oldString.equals(userinf[1])) {
                    System.out.println("請輸入新密碼：");
                    String newString = sc.next();
                    boolean result = modifyFile.writeFile(filePath, modifyFile.readFileContent(userinf, filePath, oldString, newString));// 修改文件中密碼

//            如果修改結(jié)果為true，進行修改成功提示，否則提示修改失敗
                    if (result == true) {
                        System.out.println("修改成功，請重新登錄！");
                        //寫日志
                        Date nowDate = new Date();
                        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                        String returnTime = sdf.format(nowDate);
                        File file = new File("日志.txt");
                        FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true);
                        fw.write(returnTime + "  " + operator + "修改了密碼");
                        fw.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
                        fw.close();
                        return;
                    } else {
                        System.out.println("修改錯誤，請檢查后重新修改！");
                    }
                } else {
                    System.out.println("輸入錯誤，請檢查后重新進行修改！");
                }
            }

        }
    }

    // 讀文件
    public String readFileContent(String[] userinf, String filePath, String oldString, String newString) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        BufferedReader br = null;
        String line = null;
        StringBuffer bufAll = new StringBuffer();// 保存修改過后的所有內(nèi)容
        try {
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(filePath), "UTF-8"));

            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
                // 修改內(nèi)容核心代碼
                String[] userinf2 = line.split(",");
                if (userinf2[0].equals(userinf[0])) {//判斷條件根據(jù)自己的要求修改
                    buf.append(line);
                    int indexOf = line.indexOf(oldString);
                    buf.replace(indexOf, indexOf + oldString.length(), newString);// 修改內(nèi)容
                    buf.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));// 添加換行
                    bufAll.append(buf);
                } else {
                    buf.append(line);
                    buf.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));
                    bufAll.append(buf);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (br != null) {
                try {
                    br.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    br = null;
                }
            }
        }
        return bufAll.toString();
    }

    // 寫文件
    public boolean writeFile(String filePath, String content) {
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(filePath), "UTF-8"));
            bw.write(content);
            bw.flush();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        } finally {
            if (bw != null) {
                try {
                    bw.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    bw = null;
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}

管理員操作界面Admin：

package User;

import Book.AddBook;
import Book.DeleteBook;
import Book.FindBook;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Admin {


    public Admin() {
    }

    public void admin() throws IOException {
        File adminBook = new File("書籍.txt");
        File adminUser = new File("用戶信息.txt");
        FindBook fb = new FindBook();
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("===============圖書管理員操作界面===============");
            System.out.println("1.查詢書籍 2.添加書籍 3.刪除書籍 4.增/刪用戶 5.查看日志 6.返回");
            int choice = scanner.nextInt();
            if (choice < 1 || choice > 6) {
                System.out.println("到底能不能行？能不能看明白了再輸！");
            } else if (choice == 6) {
                return;
            } else if (choice == 1) {
                //查詢書籍
                fb.adminFindBook();
            } else if (choice == 2) {
                //添加書籍
                AddBook ab = new AddBook();
                ab.addBook();
            } else if (choice == 3) {
                //刪除書籍
                DeleteBook db = new DeleteBook();
                db.deleteBook();
            } else if (choice == 4) {
                //增刪用戶
                System.out.println("==========增/刪用戶==========");
                System.out.println("1.增加用戶 2.刪除用戶 3.返回");
                int decision = scanner.nextInt();
                if (decision == 3) {
                    //返回
                    break;
                } else if (decision == 1) {
                    //增加用戶
                    AddUser au = new AddUser();
                    au.addUser();
                } else if (decision == 2) {
                    //刪除用戶
                    DeleteUser du = new DeleteUser();
                    du.deleteUser();
                }
            } else if (choice == 5) {
                //查看日志
                File file = new File("日志.txt");
                FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(file);
                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
                String tempString = null;
                System.out.println("-----------------用戶操作日志-----------------");
                while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    System.out.println(tempString);
                    System.out.println("--------------------------------------------");
                }
                while (true) {
                    System.out.println("查看完畢，是否清空日志？");
                    System.out.println("1.是     2.否");
                    int choice1 = scanner.nextInt();
                    if (choice1 == 1) {
                        FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, false);
                        fw.write("");
                        fw.close();
                        break;
                    } else if (choice1 == 2) {
                        break;
                    } else if (choice1 != 1 && choice1 != 2) {
                        System.out.println("請認真核對后再輸入！");
                    }
                }

            }
        }
    }
}

增加用戶AddUser：

package User;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class AddUser {
    public void addUser() throws IOException {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        File file = new File("用戶信息.txt");
        System.out.println("請輸入添加的用戶名：");
        String addName = sc.next();
        //查找是否有同名用戶
        FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(file);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
        String tempString;
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            list.add(tempString);
        }
        String[] userinf = new String[5];
        boolean flag = false;
        for (String user : list) {
            userinf = user.split(",");
            if (addName.equals(userinf[0])) { //判斷用戶名是否存在
                flag = true;
                System.out.println("該用戶名已存在，請讓其重新擬取名稱");
                break;
            }
        }
        if (flag == false) {
            System.out.println("請輸入密碼：");
            String password = sc.next();
            String sex;
            while (true) {
                System.out.println("請輸入用戶的性別：");
                sex = sc.next();
                if (sex.equals("男") || sex.equals("女")) {
                    break;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("請輸入正確的性別！");
                }
            }
            System.out.println("請輸入用戶的年齡：");
            int age = sc.nextInt();
            if (age < 10) {
                System.out.println("該用戶的年齡太小啦！請讓家長使用賬號幫他(她)借閱書籍！");
                return;
            }
            long phone;
            while (true) {
                System.out.println("請輸入該用戶的電話號碼：");
                phone = sc.nextInt();
                if (phone < 0) {
                    System.out.println("請輸入正確的電話號碼！");
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
            User u = new User(addName, sex, age, phone, password);
            file.createNewFile();
            FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true);
            fw.write(u.toString());
            fw.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
            fw.close();
            System.out.println("成功添加用戶：" + addName);
            return;
        }

    }
}

刪除用戶DeleteUser：

package User;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class DeleteUser {
    private String userDelete;
    String[] userinf = new String[5];
    String[] userinf1 = new String[5];
    String[] userinf2 = new String[5];

    public void deleteUser() throws IOException {
        File file = new File("用戶信息.txt");
        FileInputStream intput = new FileInputStream(file);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(intput));
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String tempString;
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            list.add(tempString);
        }
        System.out.println("==========當(dāng)前用戶有==========");
        for (String user : list) {
            userinf = user.split(",");
            System.out.print(userinf[0] + " ");
        }
        System.out.println("");
        System.out.println("請輸入要刪除信息的用戶名：");
        userDelete = scanner.next();

        //查詢該用戶是否有未歸還的書籍，如果存在未歸還的書籍，將不能刪除該用戶的信息
        boolean have = false;
        String[] bookinf = new String[8];
        File bookFile = new File("書籍.txt");
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(bookFile);
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String bookString;
        List<String> bookList = new ArrayList<>();
        while ((bookString = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            bookList.add(bookString);
        }
        for (String borrowUser : bookList) {
            bookinf = borrowUser.split(",");
            if (userDelete.equals(bookinf[6])) {
                have = true;
                System.out.println("該用戶還有書籍尚未歸還，請在其歸還書籍后再進行刪除！");
                return;
            }
        }
        if (have == false) {
            boolean flag = false;
            for (String user : list) {
                userinf1 = user.split(",");
                if (userDelete.equals(userinf1[0])) { //判斷用戶名是否存在
                    flag = true;
                    list.remove(user);
                    FileWriter fd = new FileWriter(file, false);
                    fd.write("");
                    fd.close();
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (flag == true) {
                for (String user : list) {
                    userinf2 = user.split(",");
                    FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file, true);
                    fw.write(userinf2[0] + "," + userinf2[1] + "," + userinf2[2] + "," + userinf2[3] + "," + userinf2[4]);
                    fw.write(System.getProperty("line.separator"));//在段落后添加一個換行符
                    fw.close();

//                return;
                }
                System.out.println("刪除成功！");
            } else {
                System.out.println("無法找到該用戶，請重新確認后再進行操作！");
                return;
            }
        }


    }


    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        DeleteUser du = new DeleteUser();
        du.deleteUser();
    }
}

最后是運行的主函數(shù)：

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ParseException {
        Library library = new Library();
        library.Interface();
    }

整個項目完成之后的包和類如下所示：

整個項目完成之后的包和類

書籍和用戶信息中之前添加過的信息如下：

書籍信息：

2021042014120316

用戶信息：

用戶信息

五、總結(jié)

該項目是我學(xué)Java以來自己制作的功能最為復(fù)雜，設(shè)計內(nèi)容最豐富的項目，同時也是耗費我時間最久的項目，項目中還有很多地方的代碼是可以繼續(xù)優(yōu)化的，而且還有很多可以增加用戶體驗的功能是可以再添加的。
整個項目的制作過程也是我查缺補漏的一個過程，將我之前學(xué)習(xí)的比較薄弱的部分給進行了增強，同時也將一些之前學(xué)的扎實的部分進行了加固。

到這里，本篇關(guān)于Java的實戰(zhàn)練習(xí)，基于IO流設(shè)計的圖書館管理系統(tǒng)的文章就介紹結(jié)束了，想要了解更多相關(guān)Java有趣好玩的項目實戰(zhàn)內(nèi)容，請搜索W3Cschool以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章，同時也希望本篇文章能夠幫助大家對Java語言的學(xué)習(xí)！


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